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Currents Magazine is an unofficial publication produced biannually by the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies Public Affairs Office. This publication is for APCSS employees, alumni, Fellows and future Fellows and is available online at www.apcss.org. We use the Associate Press Style Guide when abbreviating ranks, regardless of individual service style. Contents are not necessarily the official views of, or endorsed by, the U.S. Government or the U.S. Department of Defense. Questions or comments can be addressed by phone (808) 971-8916 or email to pao@apcss.org.

Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies

2058 Maluhia Road * Honolulu, HI 96815

director’s message

Greetings from APCSS! We have just completed another fulfilling year, working carefully to help key leaders throughout the Asia-Pacific region enhance their knowledge, skills and networks. Our graduates, and their bosses, tell us we are succeeding in what we are attempting.

In this edition of Currents we offer a brief review of recent events, we introduce some new APCSS initiatives and we allow you to catch up on what your fellow Alumni are accomplishing.

Perhaps, the “thread” throughout this edition is the emphasis on leader empowerment. For over 12 years APCSS has been helping accomplished leaders get better at what they do. It has proven effective as an enabler.

And, by helping to enable leaders, APCSS has also helped to empower them.

Every Currents reviews some of what we are doing and assesses what we think we are accomplishing. What we are confident is working at APCSS is our shared-learning model. By all measures we apply in everything we do, participants in our programs are helping each other to expand capacities--leader and institutional—capacities now in being, as well as ones all see as needed ahead.

Our courses in Hawaii and our outreach events in the region link regional and global security environments. They foster broader understanding. They invite mature judgment and action where needed. In all we do, we attempt to improve content focus and applied format. We also aim at a wider introduction of available decision critical information, wherever such is available, from latest journal entries to lucrative internet websites. In course-work, we are identifying best-practice security analysis and decision-aid frameworks used by reputable, authoritative organizations around the globe, those governmental, non-governmental, commercial-enterprise,

and informational. We are also exploring more precise and timely ways to keep leaders informed with essential information about security-related trends in our region, anticipating opportunities to exploit success, as well as avoid shocks that threaten regional and global systems. We are committed to helping empower leaders with state-of-the-art ways and means they can use to achieve ends for the common good.

On the horizon, as well, we see a number of new opportunities to partner with comparable learning organizations to offer wider, cross-regional perspectives.

Some of these opportunities are outlined in this magazine. The aim point for APCSS, as always, is to anticipate what leaders need to know and be able to do now and in the future.

We are continuing to develop a series of partnered workshop opportunities in region, all with high-payoff potential. Events in 2008 will occur in several countries, as well as in Hawaii, and those in 2009 will sustain our commitment to addressing the most complex Asia-Pacific security challenges in a comprehensive, whole-of-government (and beyond) fashion, within nations and among them. Our parallel emphasis on roles and responsibilities of international organizations will continue. Our efforts are always rewarded. Our APCSS Alumni validate our reason for being by:

--Helping to attract the very best participants to our courses in Hawaii.

--Helping to achieve intended outcomes at regional events. And,

--Becoming contributors to national and multi-national security-cooperation efforts, routinely.

It’s all about leaders helping each other. Enabling to empower.

Aloha from Honolulu!

CENTER NEWS

TAP-ping into collaborative systems

The last issue of Currents discussed the possibility of establishing a team to focus on trend analysis by using expertise from APCSS as well as the Pacific Disaster Center (PDC).

The reality of that idea is the Trend Analysis Program (TAP), launched in August.

TAP will serve as a catalyst for a community of experts interested in improved understanding of disaster management (DM) and its relationship to governance and human security. TAP will contribute to efforts designed to strengthen disaster resiliency, enhance human security, and improve regional security. Our plan is a three-pronged approach consisting of virtual and ‘real’

information-sharing and data visualization techniques.

The initial product is a collaborative portal called the Asia Pacific Collaborative Security

Consortium (APCSC) portal (now operational at http://apcsc.apan-info.net/). Our goal is to

provide a high-performance, community-enhancing network that includes APCSS alumni and

faculty, first-responders, decision- makers, and civilian and military disaster response organizations.

The second product of this collaboration, created in partnership with the PDC, is a Geospatial

Information System (GIS)-based analytical tool to display comprehensive security factors, risk factors, and vulnerability assessments on a scalable map projection.

A series of written products, in a format and schedule to be developed over the next two months, will be the third method of information-sharing. These products may be written by the trends analysis staff, other interested faculty, or collaborators.

These initiatives will build a community of interest and action, and in doing this we hope to increase understanding of the social, economic, cultural and other intangible factors which affect societies’ disaster resilience. The increased understanding will enable more useful and focused action to build capacity and reduce the risk of regional shocks affecting all of

us.

APCSS attends ARF Heads of Defence Universities Meeting

By Dr. Alfred Oehlers

APCSS recently represented the United States at the 11th ASEAN Regional Forum Heads of Defence Universities/Colleges/Institutions Meeting. Hosted by the Australian Defence College, this important event was held in Canberra in October.

Led by Deputy Director, Brig. Gen. (Ret.) James Hirai, the APCSS delegation had the opportunity to interact with the representatives of the 19 nations attending the meeting, the ASEAN Secretariat, International Committee of the Red Cross, and NATO Defense College. Discussions at the meeting focused on the efforts of ARF defense universities in refining their curriculum to best equip leaders and officials for what is an increasingly complex security environment. A discussion paper titled, “From the Long Peace to the Long War: Armed Conflict and Military Education and Training in the 21st Century,” by Dr. Michael Evans, a Visiting Fellow at the Australian Defence College, served as an ideal launching pad for much of these discussions,
highlighting the key challenges faced in the current security context as well as the potential areas improvements may be made in the curriculum. Valuable insights into the ongoing efforts of ARF Defense Colleges were gained through the presentations made by delegations and the many conversations during the course of the meeting.

It was evident there was a growing awareness of the urgent need to refine military education to meet the challenges of the new security environment. Shifts from a purely national defense posture to one emphasizing a wider range of responsibilities and roles (such as peacekeeping and humanitarian disaster relief) were identified by delegations as an important factor, as were the emergence and growing prominence of transnational threats and non-traditional security concerns. Critically, the need for international dialogue and cooperation to effectively address the new security environment led many delegations to highlight the need for closer collaboration. And in order to work effectively in such multinational, interagency efforts, leaders and commanders will need a curriculum that reflects such values.

Valuable networks were developed in Canberra that will allow APCSS to follow-up on these shared ideas. In doing so, APCSS will be fulfilling its key objectives of promoting regional cooperation to enhance security in the region.

The next ARF Defence Univerisities meeting will be Islamabad, Pakistan, in October 2008. The hosts, the National Defence University of Pakistan, have chosen a theme that focuses on the educational challenges posed by the expanding role of the military in operations other than war. This is a vital theme, and APCSS looks forward to being able to participate and contribute to discussions on this issue.

APCSS hosts RC Registrar & Alumni conference

APCSS hosted the Regional Centers Registrar and Alumni conference here Oct. 30 to Nov.

1. Attending the conference were representatives from each of the RCs as well as OSD,

DSCA and the CoComs. Discussion involved improving coordination and teaming.

Staff Hails and Farewells...

Life at APCSS continues to ride out the ebb and flow of change as new staff and faculty members arrive and good friends and colleagues move on.

In the College, Dorothy Kaneshiro was promoted to the Dean’s secretary position. Elsewhere, Maj. Derek Brown, Center Judge Advocate, returned to civilian

life. Petty Officer 1st Class Eddie Ramon, from the Conference division retired and Doris Dyogi was promoted to the new Visitors Program Coordinator position. Remelinda

Carbonel left Admissions, and Rona Berry, the talented graphic artist responsible for most of the Currents covers, reached for higher heights at the U.S. Pacific Command.

Even as these good people left us, new faces signed on to continue the challenges of an ever–evolving APCSS mission. The College benefited from the arrival of administrative specialists

Sheryl Burgmann and Sharlyn Fahl. Joined by newcomer Carin Landry, Col. Charles King and Maj. Bryan Greenstein left their previous positions to establish the new Trend

Analysis Program. Maj. Michael Craighead joined Admissions as Assistant Registrar and Karen- Maria Anderson filled the deputy slot in Personnel.

Capt. Eric Lee is the Center’s new Judge Advocate. The Resource Management Office marked the arrivals of Petty Officer 2nd Class Gregory Hammell and

Petty Officer 3rd Class Steven Heyward. Finally, the look of the front offices also changed with the assignment of Lt.Col. Anthony Frederick as Deputy Chief of Staff. Kaelene Foo is the Director’s new secretary replacing Connie Bach. Maj. Bryan Henderson transferred to U.S. Pacific Air Forces headquarters. Finally, Rod Sueoka departed from Strategic Initiatives Group.

Click here for more Faculty Hails and farewells

Foundation Meets Fellows

The APCSS Foundation held a mid-year meeting to get an update on the latest happenings here.

Foundation members were briefed on recent Outreach events including workshops held in Brunei and Bangladesh. They also received an update on new technology deployment into the seminar rooms, the Trends Analysis Program and ways that APCSS is staying connected to our Alumni.

According to Foundation President Gerald Sumida, “The Center continues to play an increasingly vital role in the Asia-Pacific region, and we are very pleased to help to support its critical mission. This mid-year meeting provided us an interim report on the Center’s programs, and also gave us a chance to visit with current ASC Fellows and hear their perspectives on the Center and its work.”

In turn the meeting also gave the Fellows a chance to meet Foundation members which included prominent Honolulu business and civic leaders and retired senior military leaders.

In The Works

APCSS Plans Joint Workshop With Marshall Center

As globalization further blurs the boundaries between regional issues, APCSS and the Marshall Center are studying a concept for a joint workshop on inter-regional security issues. The proposed workshops will involve distinguished alumni from both Centers. The overall workshop series objective is to enhance inter-regional understanding and security cooperation related to current and future critical security issues in each region which impact the rest of the world. Topics may include: current and anticipated regional and global security challenges, confidence-building and preventive diplomacy, role of multilateral security organizations, civil-military relations and security sector reform, transnational security challenges, whole-of-government stability challenges, natural disaster management and others. The workshop would be held annually alternating between Honolulu and Garmisch, Germany.

Disaster Management Workshop Scheduled in Mongolia

A Disaster Management Workshop will be held in Mongolia in March 2008. The focus of seminar discussions will be how the Mongolian government can manage disaster relief and humanitarian-assistance efforts during a crisis situation. Included in such discussions are: (1) HA/DR management facility requirements; (2) procedures for timely and accurate situational understanding of the various dimensions of the disaster; (3) methods of coordinating and supervising internal government and non-government response efforts; and (4) managing the interface with involved external organizations.

Springtime Legislators Workshop

APCSS is currently planning a workshop designed to introduce members of democratic governments in the Asia-Pacific to the principle of legislative oversight of the security sector within the framework of good governance. Tentatively schedule for Spring 2008, this workshop is in support of a U.S. House Armed Services Committee initiative to conduct this program globally.

COLLEGE NEWS

Faculty Members on the Move...and on the Road

APCSS bids farewell to a senior faculty member Dr. Don Berlin, who retired after 36 years of service. He was one of the first faculty members hired at the Center.

Dr. John Miller also retired last summer. He had been a key faculty member with the Center since August 2000.

Air Force Lt. Col. Carl Baker retired, after more than 20 years of service.

Navy Capt. Carleton Cramer recently retired from active duty after 27 years of honorable service. His retirement from the Navy doesn’t mean that he’ll be leaving APCSS. He was recently hired as a civilian faculty member and will continue to serve as the program manager for the Comprehensive Security Responses to Terrorism Program.

Last summer retired Navy Cmdr. Francis Omori served as adjunct faculty member. She is currently working on her Ph.D. Army Research Fellow Lt. Col. Greg McGuire departed APCSS and has been replaced by Lt. Col. Bill Harmon.

Dr. Denny Roy recently departed the Center following seven years as a faculty member. He served as the subject matter expert for Northeast Asia/China and led the College Publication Program. Roy is now serving in

From late August through mid-September, Dr. Elizabeth Van Wie Davis and Lt.

Col. Randy Lawrence conducted research in Urumqi, Xinjiang, China, examining

Uyghur Muslim separatism in the region. The travel was in support of a chapter in an

APCSS book on “Ethnic Separatism & Governance in the Asia-Pacific.”

Research represented an opportunity for a greater understanding of Islam in

Asia, especially its characteristics as a minority culture in a wider culture, as in this case the minority Uyghur Muslim culture in the majority Han Chinese culture.

Shortly after returning from the trip, Lt. Col. Randy Lawrence completed his two year tour of duty at APCSS and is preparing to serve as the U.S. Army Attaché to the U.S. Embassy in China.

Transnational Security Cooperation

Senior Executive Course TSC07-2

Twenty-two senior leaders graduated from the Senior Executive: Transnational

Security Cooperation course in August. They included military and civilian leaders representing 19 regional entities from: Australia, Brunei, Cambodia, Canada, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and the United States.

The course is an intensive program for current and future senior regional influencers/leaders; military officers at the one- to four-star level, as well as their civilian equivalents from the Asia-Pacific Region.

Curriculum emphasizes the impact of current and future change in the region, as impacted by regional and global security threats. The course includes guest speakers, interactive seminar workshop scenarios addressing complicated transnational threats, and discussions with senior U.S. Pacific Command officials, all intended to share perspectives and further identify cooperative approaches to transnational security issues of common concern.

SEC at-a-glance

Since 1999

- 18 Classes

- 357 Fellows from 33 Countries

Advanced Security Cooperation

Executive Course EC07-2

EC/ASC at-a-glance

Since 1996

- 32 Classes

- 2,095 Fellows from 46 Countries

In December, 74 senior military and civilian government leaders, from 37 countries throughout the region, graduated from the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies “Advanced Security Cooperation Course,” also known as the Executive Course.

Countries represented at the six-week course were: American Samoa, Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, Comoros, Guam, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, United States, Vanuatu, and Vietnam.

The course had been in transition over the last two years and that transition is almost now complete, according to course manager Dr. Rouben Azizian. “In the past, the course was primarily a survey of major international security topics and issues,” said Azizian. “Now the focus is on capacity building through regional cooperation as well as development of skills of multinational leadership. It is important to ensure a comfort zone for regional cooperation by allowing the Fellows to see its merits through a combination of interactive discussions and practical exercises. You can’t and should not force nations into cooperation unless and until they realize its benefits in today’s complex security environment. Wanting to cooperate and actually cooperating are two different things, however. Regional cooperation has its logic and dynamics, it varies from subregion to subregion, it can be effective or nominal, systemic or occasional. What are the best ways of accomplishing regional cooperation goals? How do you provide incentives and assure there are no hidden agendas? What are the best practices of cooperation and how to apply them broadly ? It becomes an area of study that is important in itself because we can’t take it for granted. We have to work to get there and the structure of the course is designed to support that.”

In addition to the core course, the ASC also uses electives and Brown Bag lunches to cover additional topics that might interest the Fellows. So the survey part has now moved from the core course to electives and Brown Bags although the content of electives too is becoming more interactive and practitioner friendly.

For the first time, the ASC also conducted a workshop for professional discussions. By breaking the class into professional groups of military, law enforcement and diplomats, the Fellows were given a chance to exchange ideas and best practices of their national agencies. The three groups was later mixed again in a subregional format to look at interagency aspects of security cooperation and ways of improving it.

In the capstone exercise, each seminar group was asked to select two significant security trends in the region and offer recommendations on how to respond to them from an interagency and multilateral perspective. The seminars briefed the panel chaired by the Dean and answered the panel’s questions. The Fellows seemed satisfied by their group performance and at the same time challenged by the amount of work that needs to be done in the region to maintain its security and prosperity.

If that is the case, then ASC07-2 fulfilled its goal by providing 74 regional security practitioners with new knowledge, skills and experience as well as a life-time network for continued discussions and exchanges of information in their now alumni status.

Pacific Disaster Center Leads Elective

“Risk Assessment Methods, Policies and Issues” was a new elective offered at the recent Advanced Security Cooperation Course (ASC07-2). A unique elective focused on risk assessment methods, tools and applications and uses, it was also unique in that it was the first time a professor from one of our partner organizations taught a class here.

Mr. Stanley Goosby has been Chief Scientist for Pacific Disaster Center since 1996. He has more than 25 years experience in earth-science disciplines relevant to natural disaster modeling, scenario simulation and natural hazard phenomenology. He has led and managed teams analyzing geophysical hazards and phenomena resulting from tsunamis, earthquakes, and volcanic activity in American Samoa, Vanuatu, Thailand and the Philippines.

Course title changes to focus on crisis management

The Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies has changed the name of the Security, Stability, Transition and Reconstruction (SSTR) course. The new title, “Comprehensive Crisis Management: Preventing, Preparing, and Responding” (CCM) course, reflects a shift in emphasis toward a more even balance of preventing and preparing for crises with crisis response.

According to course manager Herman Finley, “The new course focus will deepen attendees’ abilities to understand and deal with the multi-faceted, interdependent nature of both natural and man-made crises.”

Since the 2005 Tsunami in the Indian Ocean, the international community has spent much time and effort thinking about how to respond to catastrophic natural events. That effort has occurred as military and diplomatic forces were also looking at responses to man-made emergencies. Both groups evolved towards recognition that prevention and mitigation were the most cost effective approach while continuing to see rapid, effective response as both a human and political imperative.

The SSTR course was developed during the initial thinking about responding to man-made political/military disasters and was heavily influenced by U.S. thinking. “SSTR” was a U.S. term that was not well understood in other nations, which led to uncertainty about U.S. policy aims as well as what exactly SSTR entailed.

The new course title shifts the focus to be more in line with current thinking about how to deal with both man-made and natural crises.

“Crises are comprehensive in nature; they involve, in interdependent ways, all elements of security including political, social, economic, military, etc. and multiple, interactive players such as domestic, international and non-governmental,” said Finley.

“The degree to which we can build resilience into our societies will greatly influence the long-term impact of any crisis. While crises are often thought of as time-bound, having a beginning and an end, in fact they have deep roots in the past and long shadows into the future. A major skill involved in crisis management is the smooth interplay between routine activities (normally focused on building a better, more efficient society) and the extraordinary requirements of life saving and damage mitigation throughout the life-cycle of a crisis situation.

“By working together, multilaterally, we can better take actions to prevent routine difficulties from collapsing into crisis and to respond to crises that do occur in ways that reduce the near-term impact and set the stage for mid-term return to a sustainable development path,” he added.

Comprehensive Security Responses to Terrorism

Sixty military and civilian participants from 27 countries throughout the Asia-Pacific region attended the three-week “Comprehensive Security Responses to Terrorism“ course held July 31 through August 22.

The course is designed to build relationships focused on ways to enhance cooperation bilaterally, regionally and globally and work together to respond to threats of terrorism. It also helps to develop the trust and confidence necessary to increase information sharing, and to identify and reduce obstacles to cooperation.

Participating in the CSRT course were representatives from Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Chile, El Salvador, Guam, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Kenya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mongolia, Mozambique, Nepal, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Turkey, United States and Vietnam.

Asia-Pacific Orientation Course

APOC 07-2 in July and APOC 07-3 in September were the first runs of this newly instituted course, the Asia Pacific Orientation Course focuses on trends and current issues shaping the Asia-Pacific security environment, with an introduction to Asia-Pacific cultures, politics, protocols and challenges, while addressing U.S. interests in the region. The curriculum broadly examines: security foundations, regional security perspectives, country specific issues, regional cooperation on interstate challenges, and regional responses to transnational challenges.

Attention is given to both historical and emerging issues. This rigorous program of lectures, interactive sessions, and topical seminars better equips graduating course Fellows with tools and policy perspectives important for duties at U.S. PACOM, its components, and interagency organizations/headquarters.

In the words of the APOC Fellows: “This course provided a thorough overview of the pertinent issues facing the Asia-Pacific region. It provided me with better knowledge of the countries and issues that are currently molding the geo-political and economic landscape to the region.” It “raised my awareness of some of the unique challenges Asia faces... and gave me awareness of resources that will be useful in the future.”

Fellows resoundingly declared they increased their knowledge and understanding on the importance of regional security cooperation. “The course provided me a better insight to how the interagency processes work.” Fellows are “convinced more than ever, that security cooperation needs to be enhanced throughout the region.” “Cooperation is needed to build momentum, keep dialogue open, build trust and encourage transparency, and finally strive for stability and security for those areas involved.”

The course also “served to make me more aware of efforts being undertaken on the part of nations, governments and organizations to see that the region grows and moves forward in a harmonious way.” Through the course, they “have seen the complexity of the security issues at hand, and the necessity to continue dialogue with other agencies and nationals.”

OUTREACH/CONFERENCE

Focusing on Disaster Management

Outreach event in Brunei Darussalam brings together DM experts

A major storm helped set the scene for a disaster management workshop held last summer in Brunei Darussalam.

Several days after the real storm, the previously-planned Disaster Management Workshop was held July 30 to August 2. It was sponsored by the one-year-old Brunei National Disaster Management Centre (NDMC) and the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies, supported by the Pacific Disaster Center and the ASEAN Committee on Disaster Management (ACDM).

Attendees included 48 intra-government officials from 21 various ministry departments, three regional districts, the armed forces, the police and select media. Among the participants was Princess Mansurah Izzul Bolkiah.

During the workshop attendees discussed improving current disaster management plans and creating more effective and efficient future plans. It included presentations by subject-matter experts and a two-part table-top exercise.

The workshop was opened with keynote addresses by the Minister of Home Affairs Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Hj Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Mohd Yusof and Ambassador Emil Skodon, Chief of the U.S. Mission,

Other speakers included: Mr. Yahya Bin Haji Abdul Rahman, NDMC director; Mr. Khamphao Hompangna, chairman of ACDM, Dr. Zulkarnain bin Hanafi; Mr. John Livengood of the Pacific Disaster Center; Mr. James Petroni, a disaster management specialist; and APCSS professors Herman Finley and Tom Peterman.

The objectives of the workshop included:

1 – Developing strategic plans for national disaster management;
2 – Improving Government of Brunei options for facilitation, coordination, control and command activities in event of a disaster;
3 – Fostering a sense of urgency in establishing an increased capacity to prepare for and deal with local and regional disasters in a cooperative, integrated fashion;
4 – Taking advantage of and contributing to ASEAN’s developing DM policies and initiatives.

The result of the workshop was a detailed briefing on recommended next steps needed for implementing an enhanced Brunei strategy for their disaster management system. This brief was presented to the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Home Affairs by the NDMC Director.

Nepal Hosts Security Sector Reform Workshop

Between May 28-June 1, a Center for Civil-Military Relations (CCMR) team and representatives from the Nepal-based South Asia Center for Policy Studies (SACEPS) and the Asia Pacific Center of Security Studies (APCSS) co-hosted a workshop in Kathmandu, Nepal. The program fostered dynamic dialogue and promoted consensus among Nepalese civilians and security sector personnel regarding Nepal’s ongoing Democratic Transitions particularly in the area of Security Sector Reform.

Bangladesh

Focusing on governance and security reforms

“Democratic Transition, Responsible Governance and Security Sector Reform” was the focus of a five-day workshop held in Bangladesh last August.

According to APCSS professor Dr. Rouben Azizian, “the workshop, which was conducted in a very sensitive period of Bangladeshi political life following the introduction on January 11, 2007 of an emergency rule, offered a unique opportunity for the current and emerging leaders of the Bangladeshi society, representing the government, security forces and civil society, to exchange ideas on immediate and long-term needs of the country in terms of reinvigorating the democratic governance and advancing the security sector reform.”

Held August 12-16 in Dhaka, the workshop was co-sponsored by the Bangladesh Institute of International and Strategic Studies (BIISS), APCSS, and U.S. Pacific Command.

The opening ceremony included a speech by Bangladesh President Iajuddin Ahmed. According to The Daily Star newspaper, Inajuddin “called for a capable, honest and accountable administration and patriotic and responsible leaders, otherwise risk facing a dysfunctional and immature democracy.”

U.S. Charge d’Affairs Geeta Pasi also addressed the audience calling the session a timely opportunity to reflect upon the evolution of Bangladesh’s political and security environment.

“Bangladesh has entered an unprecedented period of reform since January 11,” said Pasi. “As Bangladeshis seek to determine a path for this country that is free of corruption, violence, and political feuding, the foundation you lay during this interim period is crucial. The foundation must support the finished structure—if it is built with democratic principles and respect for human rights at its core, then freedom, productivity and stability can flourish. But…if the foundation is laid with elements that are themselves undemocratic, the future of the democratic system itself will be jeopardized.”

The workshop included presentations and discussion about government and security sector reforms. Participants contributed to a framework for recommended future improvements.

APCSS director retired U.S. Army Lt. Gen. Ed Smith, stated that there are three main considerations for effective reform: to have popular recognition that change is needed, a well-planned roadmap, and continuing the initiative to ensure that the reforms do not lag.

Recommendations identified include:

§ Effective parliament

§ Political party reform

§ Combating corruption

§ Enhancing the National Security Council

§ Appointment of a full-time defence minister

§ Enhancing the professionalism of the security forces

§ Enacting appropriate legislation for public order

“There was a general acknowledgement by the participants that despite different political perspectives or competing security priorities, leading at times to heated debates, the workshop ended with an impressive list of recommendations which reflect a strong consensus in the Bangladeshi society regarding the main direction of political and security reforms,” said Azizian. “The APCSS team was there to assist the Bangladeshi participants in identifying their commonalities and sidelining the differences. Working the concrete issues related to practical implementation of the recommendations is a task the relevant Bangladeshi agencies will have to pursue.”

Other APCSS team members participating included: Dr, Elizabeth Van Wie Davis, Deputy Dean Dave Shanahan, Devonn Wood, and Maj. Bryan Greenstein.

Group Works on Building Confidence & Security

As part of its ongoing efforts to support security cooperation in Northeast Asia, APCSS, in conjunction with the Stanley Foundation, is in the process of conducting a yearlong working group for East Asia Confidence and Security Building Measures (CSBMs) composed of three National Study Groups—one in each the United States, Japan, and China—to develop a concrete and realistic menu of confidence and security building measures that can be implemented to contribute to reducing the dangers of misunderstanding, miscalculation, and conflict, and to the misapprehension of military activities.

A planning phase meeting was held at APCSS in January 2007. At this meeting the working group made progress toward developing a common language and understanding with which to discuss possible confidence and security building measures between our three countries, established a menu or list of both traditional and nontraditional confidence and security building measures for the national teams to explore, and produced a common timeline for future meetings and the submission of the proposals of each national team.

In August a second meeting of the national teams was held in Shanghai, China under the co-sponsorship of the Shanghai Institute for International Studies. The Shanghai meeting was intended to give each team a chance to begin airing proposals for trilateral CSBMs based upon the criteria developed in the Honolulu meeting of January 2007.

Most recently the group met in Hawaii in December 2007 to discuss their individual lists of concrete CSBM proposals. The national teams will soon present their findings, comparing recommendations, and draft consensus CSBM recommendations to the governments of their country.

Regional Counterparts Gather to Share Ideas

Identifying major security-cooperation challenges and related practitioner knowledge and skills needed, comparing learning models and identifying potential collaboration interfaces and initiatives related to security practitioner education and leader-development was the focus of the Regional Counterparts Collaboration Workshop held in Hawaii November 14-16.

APCSS hosted the collaborative multi-national workshop of presiding officials from security studies institutes across the Asia-Pacific region. According to workshop coordinator, Captain Brad Smith, “The workshop provided a unique venue to share ideas on what we each uniquely and commonly do, how we do it in ways that make it highly attractive to the right Asia-Pacific security practitioners, and where there are interfaces that can be profitable for future partnering, leveraging, and capacity building.”

Attending the workshop were 13 Directors/Deans or designated proxies of security studies institutes from Australia, Bangladesh, India, Republic of Korea, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, U.S. (2), and Vietnam. Officials from Office of the U.S. Secretary of Defense, and U.S. Pacific Command also participated in the event.

Other workshop objectives included: Identifying potential research partnering and faculty exchange opportunities and means; potential collaboration initiatives that participant organizations may further study; and the next steps for what participants want to do together.

As a result of the workshop, the participants identified priority educational requirements such as: 1) Broadening knowledge —Stovepipe busting/integrated knowledge; better understanding of historical, societal, and geo-political context; trifocal thinking (understanding national, regional, and global implications); analyzing emerging issues; 2) Sharpening skills – Emphasize critical and creative thinking; improve diplomatic skills in media management, cross-cultural communication, listening skills, negotiation, results-driven outcomes, risk assessment, scenario building; change management; leveraging information technology; and 3) Building relationships – Strengthen networks among fellows and between and among institutions; staff and fellows exchanges; partnered outreach; collaborative research; diversify audiences; publication exchange.

Next steps include developing collaboration opportunities and information sharing. The Centers/Institutes are posting academic calendars, course syllabi, and research and publication web links in the Regional Counterparts Collaboration Workshop folder established at APCSS’s Asia-Pacific Collaboration Security Consortium (APCSC) portal (http://apcss.apan-info.net/).

Participants included: the Centre for Defence and Strategic Studies (CDSS) - Australian Defence College; Bangladesh Institute of International and Strategic Studies (BIISS); Institute for Defence Studies and Analysis (IDSA) - New Delhi, India; Korean National Defense University (KNDU); South Asia Centre for Policy Studies (SACEPS) - Nepal; New Zealand Defence College (NZDC); National Defence University Pakistan (NDU); National Defense College of the Philippines (NDCP); S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) – Singapore; National Defence College of Thailand (NDC); Center of Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance (COE) – Honolulu; APCSS; and the Institute for International Relations (IIR) – Vietnam

United Nations Security Council: Role of Non-Permanent Member

Helping Vietnam prepare to serve as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council (2008-2009) was the focus of an Outreach event held in Hanoi, Dec. 11-14, 2007.

The seminar on “UN Security Council: The Role of Non-Permanent Member,” was conducted in partnership with the Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Institute for International Relations (IIR), the main policy think tank and training arm of Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA).

The seminar offered an opportunity for the Vietnamese diplomats and other government officials to benefit from a U.S. expertise on the UNSC as well as key international and regional security trends and challenges. The participants expanded their knowledge of substantive and procedural matters related to the UNSC work, role-played a UNSC case study, as well as discussed Vietnam’s responsibilities, challenges and opportunities of UNSC membership. They also developed recommendations for the Government of Vietnam on required preparatory steps and interagency coordination related to Vietnam’s new UNSC role.

High level support from both the U.S. Embassy and Vietnam MOFA was provided throughout the event. Amb. Michael Michalak and IIR Director Amb. Duong Van Quang opened the seminar. The final brief was presented to Deputy Director of Personnel and Training, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tran Bich Van; Chief of UNSC Office MOFA Nguyen Thi Van Anh; and U.S. Embassy Deputy Chief of Mission Jon Aloisi.

The APCSS team was led by retired U.S. Amb. Charles Salmon, included APCSS Professors Rouben Azizian, Alfred Oehlers and Thomas Peterman, logistics coordinator Lynne Yamashita, and was supported by retired Amb. Peter Burleigh, who had direct experience in the UNSC while he was Deputy Permanent Representative of the United States at the United Nations.

The Vietnamese side was led by Dr. Ngo Duy Ngo, IIR Deputy Director General and a recent APCSS graduate(ASC 07-2), and included 40 representatives of MOFA, Defense, Public Security, National Assembly, President’s and Prime Minister’s offices. Senior diplomats of the U.S. Embassy, as well as several APCSS alumni, were also in attendance.

Meeting with Leaders and Alumni about Security Issues

Meeting with officials to discuss regional security issues was the focus of a recent outreach visit to Guam and the Philippines by APCSS Deputy Director, retired Army Brig. Gen. James Hirai and Lt. Col. John Gasner. They met with government and non-government officials, listened to their ideas about security issues affecting the region, and discussed APCSS programs and partnership opportunities.

In Guam, they met with Governor Felix Camacho, Senator Frank Blas, Jr., Chief of Police Paul Suba, Chief of Customs Ralph Sgamburelli, Defense Coordinating Officer Roy Tsutsui, and Chief of Joint Staff for the Guam National Guard Colonel Norberto Castro. Guam officials were enthusiastic about APCSS programs and eager to expand APCSS selection criteria to include participants from a broad range of governmental organizations.

It rained upon their arrival in the Philippines. Instead of being an ominous sign, it was perceived as a blessing because the Filipinos had been experiencing a drought and were grateful for the rain. They couldn’t take credit for the weather but they did achieve a lion-share of their objectives. They met Under Secretary (USEC) for Defense Antonio C. Santos (SEC02-1), USEC for Civil, Veterans and Reserve Affairs Ernesto G. Carolina (SEC03-2), Under Sec. for Visiting Forces Agreement Edilberto P. Adan (SEC05-2), retired Gen. Efren Abu (SEC03-1), Rodel Cruz (SEC06-1), Asst. Sec. for American Affairs Rey Carandang, and Ambassador Curtis Chin of the Asian Development Bank.

According to Lt.Col, Gasner, “we were energized by the potential for expanded partnership with the National Defense College of the Philippines and also look forward to facilitating development of a Senior-level Leadership/Management course depending on final approval of the Philippine government and U.S. Embassy.“

ALUMNI

Alumni Office News

Announcing the APCSS Alumni Association Reunion Workshop in Hawaii!

Designated representatives from all countries with an APCSS Alumni Association will be invited back to Hawaii to participate in a reunion workshop where we will discuss how to take advantage of alumni association benefits and expand our security cooperation networks and activities.

Thus far, there are 26 alumni associations. If your country has yet to start an association and you would like to form one, please contact John Gasner at gasnerj@apcss.org

Stay tuned to the APCSS newsletter for more details on the upcoming workshop.

Alumni Returns

A recent U.S. Pacific Command conference held at APCSS brought back a couple of APCSS Alumni -- Admiral Rowan Moffitt (SEC05-1) from Australia and Peter Adzuara (EC 96-1), United States. Mr. Adzuara/(JIOC PACOM) attended the very first APCSS Executive Course.

APCSS was visited by a number of international defense attachés in October as part of a Defense Attaché Orientation Program. Included in the group were APCSS Alumni recently promoted Senior Colonel Zhiwen Wang of China (EC02-3) pictured above and Brig. Gen. Richard Lim of Singapore (SEC04-2) not pictured.

Six distinguished APCSS Alumni visited the Center in October as participants in the Chiefs of Mission conference. Flanked by Dean Lee Endress and Amb. Charles Salmon, alumni included: Amb. Gene Christy (SEC07-1), Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary (Public Diplomacy, Public Affairs, Regional Security) Glyn T. Davies (SEC06-3), Amb.Eric John (SEC05-1), Amb. Ravic Huso (SEC06-2), Amb. Cameron Hume (SEC05-1), and Deputy Assistant Secretary [Southeast Asia] — Scot Marciel (SEC06-1).

In memoriam

Lt. Gen. Naraset Israngkura (Thailand), SEC07-1, passed away July 10, 2007 at Prommitr Hospital.

Major John Jackson (United States), JE07-1, died November 10, 2007, in a vehicle accident.

Brig. Gen. Zahoor Ahmad (Pakistan), CS05-2, died October 8, 2007, in a helicopter crash.

Alumni Promotions

Australia

Ambassador David Binns, EC01-1, is now the Consul General for Australia in Hawaii.

Air Vice Marshal John Blackburn, SE03-1, became Deputy Chief of the Air Force.

Bangladesh

Masud Uddin Chowdhury, EC02-2, was promoted to Lieutenant General and posted as Principal Staff Officer, Armed Forces Division, Dhaka Cantonment.

M Sajjad Alam, EC04-3, was promoted to Captain and appointed Commanding Officer BNS ISSA KHAN.

Muhammad Moinuddin, EC06-2, was promoted to Colonel and posted as the Deputy Commandant and Chief Instructor, Armed Forces Medical Institute.

Kamrul Ahsan, EC00-3, was promoted to Ambassador and posted as Bangladesh High Commissioner to Singapore.

Bhutan

Sangye Rinchhen, EC02-2, was appointed Consul General, Consulate of Bhutan in New York.

Sonam Yangchen, EC07-1, was promoted to Deputy Chief, Europe, Americas and Others Division of the Bilateral Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Cambodia

Sophanna Vann, EC07-1, was promoted to Colonel and appointed Chief of Internal Affairs Office of the Cabinet of High Command Headquarters of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces.

Canada

William J. S. Elliott, SEC05-1, was appointed Commissioner of Royal Canadian Mounted Police.

Lynda Clairmont, SEC05-2, was promoted to Associate Assistant Deputy Minister, Emergency Management and National Security, Public Safety Canada.

Comoros

Chaharane Mogne, EC03-3, has been appointed as the Director of the Army and Gendarmerie National Academy.

El Salvador

Camilo Benitez, CS04-2, was promoted to Colonel.

India

Dalbir Singh, EC05-2, was promoted to Major General and assumed Command of an Infantry Division.

Japan

Yoshiya Muto, SEC06-3, was selected as Counselor, Office of Assistant Cabinet Secretary, Cabinet Secretariat Government of Japan.

Madagascar

Rarasoa Ralaialomady Fils R., EC 05-1, was promoted to Colonel.

Malaysia

Mat Yasin bin Mat Daud, EC97-2, was promoted to Major General and assigned as Head of Mission, International Monitoring Team in Mindanao, Philippines.

Marshall Islands

Helmar Lejjena, EC05-2, was promoted to Deputy Director for RMI Immigration.

Tarry Paul, EC06-1, was promoted to Director of RMI Immigration.

Casten Nemra, EC06-3, was promoted to Chief Secretary, and is Principal Advisor to the President and the Cabinet.

Micronesia

Aurelio Joab, EC03-3, was appointed to the Pohnpei State Legislature as a State Senator.

Mongolia

Damdin Gansukh, EC99-2, was promoted to 1st Secretary.

Dashtseren Dashdavaa, EC00-3, is Chief, Professional Directorate Border Force HQ and is attending the U.S. Army War College.

Magvan Khorolsuren, EC01-3, was promoted to Colonel.

Jalbajav Nanzaddorji, EC02-2, is Major General and President of Mongolian Defense University.

Sambuu Otgonpurev, EC03-3, was promoted to Director Airport Customs.

Ambassador Sukh-Ochir Bold, EC04-1, is now Counselor to Turkey.

Dashjamts Batsaikhan, EC05-1, is also a Counselor to Turkey.

Avirmed Battur, SEC05-1, was nominated as Ambassador to Vietnam.

Munkh-ochir Dorjjugder, EC05-2, was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and is the Executive Director of the Alumni Association.

Dashdorj Bayarkhuu, EC06-1, was nominated as Ambassador to the Arab Republic of Egypt.

Damdinjav Badamgarav, CSRT06-1, was promoted to Colonel.

Col. Gansuk Tserendorj, CSRT06-2, is Chief Operations Border Force HQ.

Lt.Col.Badarch Altankhuu, EC06-3, is Chief, Foreign Relations Division.

Nepal

Gaurav SJB Rana, EC99-1, was promoted to Major General and is commanding the Western Division located in Pokhara.

Suresh Chandra Chalise, EC01-1 and SEC06-3, was nominated as Ambassador to the United States.

Bijaya Kumar Shahi, EC05-3, was promoted to Brigadier General of Nepalese Army and posted to Eastern Division HQ as Chief of Staff.

Prakash Kunwar, EC06-1, was promoted to Deputy
Inspector General of Police.

Devendra Subba, EC06-1, was promoted to Senior Superintendent of Police.

Pakistan

Masood Aslam, EC98-2, was promoted to Lieutenant General and Commander 11 Corps.

Azam Jamal, EC01-3, was promoted to Brigadier and assumed Command of a Divisional Artillery Brigade.

G. H. Ghumman, EC03-3, was promoted to Brigadier and selected to command an Infantry Brigade.

Bader uz Zaman, EC05-3, was promoted to Brigadier and appointed as Brigadier General Staff in a Corps Headquarters.

Nasir Hussain, EC06-1 was promoted to Captain and appointed to Naval Headquarters as Director, Naval Aviation.

Muhammad Asghar, SEC06-1 was promoted to Lieutenant General and posted as Director National University of Science and Technology.

Azhar Ismail, SSTR 06-1, Pakistan, was promoted to Wing Commander.

Saleem Soekarno, CSRT06-2 was promoted to Brigadier and posted as Commander, 11th Special Service Brigade.

Philippines

Juancho Sabban, EC01-2, was promoted to Brigadier General.

Republic of Korea

Ambassador Jaebum Kim, EC02-2 and SEC05-2, is Professor Emeritus at the Institute of Foreign Affairs and National Security and a Visiting Professor at National Tax Officials Training Institute.

Russia

Vladimir Vinokurov, EC03-2, has been appointed Consul General in San Francisco, California.

Singapore

Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Ong Boon Hwee, SEC00-1, was appointed Chief Operations Officer for Singapore Power.

Col. David Kiu, CSRT06-2, has been appointed Assistant Director for the Joint Counter-Terrorism Centre (JCTC) within the Prime Minister’s Office.

Sri Lanka

Mohamed Zaheer Abdul Samad, EC04-3, was promoted to Major General and is serving as Commander Forward Maintenance Area (North).

Hafeez Marso, CSRT05-1, was promoted to Superintendent of Police.

Sri Nath Rajapakse, EC05-1, was promoted to Major General.

Prabash Rajitha De Silva, EC05-2, was promoted to Major General.

Laksiri Amarnath Dias Amarathunga, EC05-2, was promoted to Major General.

Jayanath Colombage, EC06-3, was promoted to Rear Admiral. He presented a paper entitled “Countering Insurgent Maritime Threats” to a seminar in Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Aruna Jayatilaka, EC06-3, was promoted to Major General and appointed as the Commander Forward Maintenance Area in the Eastern Province.

Taiwan

Achiva Tachih Chen, EC06-2, was promoted to Colonel and is serving as Operation R&D Officer, Joint Air and Missile Defense Division, J3, MND.

United States

Lawrence Connell, EC04-2, was promoted to Colonel. He is Inspector General for the Army Medical Department Center and School in Houston Texas. He and his wife Joy welcomed a new baby daughter (Alayna) into their family.

Lee Hankins, EC04-3, was promoted to Captain and is currently Commodore, Submarine Squadron ONE in Pearl Harbor, HI.

Keith Swensen, EC05-1, was promoted to Colonel.

Ambassador Cameron Hume, SEC05-1, was appointed Ambassador to Indonesia.

Van T. Thai, JEC05-3, was promoted to Major and is the 18 OSS Current Operations Flight Commander.

Steven Hernandez, JEC06-1, was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel.

Newman Yang, JEC06-1, was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and is serving as one of the Army attaches at OLA Hong Kong.

Vietnam

Le Duc Luu, EC01-2, was promoted to Director General of MFA and nominated as Consul General of the S.R Vietnam in Osaka, Japan.

Alumni Retirements

Australia

Air Vice Marshal Kerry Clarke, SEC02-2, retired as the Head of Capability Systems Division.

Bangladesh

Moeen U Ahmed, SEC04-2, was promoted to General and appointed Chief of the Army.

Maj. Gen. A. N. M. Muniruzzaman, SEC06-2, retired from the military and established an independent think tank called the Bangladesh Institute of Peace and Security Studies.

Canada

Cmdr. Randall Maze, EC96-1, is now retired in Victoria.

Rear Admiral Jaime Fraser, SEC01-1, has retired.

Maj. Gen. Douglas Dempster, SEC01-2, has retired and is working at NATO HQ in Brussels.

Vice Admiral Jean Yves Forcier, SEC04-1, retired as
Inaugural Commander, Canada Command.

Rear Admiral Roger Girouard, SEC06-1, retired at the end of July 2007.

India

Air Chief Marshal Shashindra Tyagi, EC96-1, retired as Chief of Air Staff of the Indian Air Force. He’s on a lecture tour to Harvard, Brookings at DC, IISS at London, and in Australia and India.

Col. Jayant Pendse, EC 03-1, retired from the Indian Army and settled in his native Pune. He was selected as Director Administration of an upcoming International School.

Commodore Vengalil Venugopal, EC 06-2, retired from the Indian Navy and is managing a Fisheries company at Muscat.

Papua New Guinea

James Laki, EC01-2, retired from the PNG Defense Force and is now the PNG National Sales Manager for Oceanic Communications (PNG) Ltd, a subsidiary of Oceanic Holdings International from New Zealand.

Republic of Korea

Vice Admiral Yun Yon, SEC00-1, retired as Commander of ROK fleet and is now Director of STX Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., and he is a Korea Coast Guard Academy Visiting Professor.

Rear Admiral Oh, Sung-gyue, SEC06-1, retired and is now Advisor to Sebang Hi-Tech Co., Ltd.

Singapore

Col. Kuek Joo Leng, EC99-3, retired from the Singapore Armed Forces and is working with NEC (Nippon Electric Company, Solutions Asia Pacific, Singapore) as a Project Director.

Sri Lanka

Maj. Gen. Nanda Mallawaarachchi, SEC05-3, retired from the Army and was appointed Ambassador to Jakarta Indonesia.

United States

Col. Terry DeRouchey, EC97-1, retired from the U.S. Army.He and his family are settling in Hot Springs, South Dakota.

Col. John Bordwell, EC01-3, retired from the military; he will remain in San Antonio, Tx..

Col. Jeff Paulk, EC03-2, retired and is moving to Georgia. He is starting an aviation business, training Indian pilots for a career with the airlines.

Col. Thomas Green, EC03-2, retired from the Air Force and is living in California.

Maj. Gen. Ronald G. Crowder, SEC 05-1, retired from the U.S. Army National Guard in April after 38 years service as a citizen soldier. The Governor of Colorado appointed Crowder as a District Judge.

William Brewer, JEC05-3, retired from U.S. Coast Guard and is working for the State of Hawaii.

Alumni Transitions

Australia

Bernard Philip, EC00-1, is the Defence Intelligence Liaison to Washington D.C.

David Bolton, EC05-2, is the Assistant Director Papua New Guinea Desk.

Bangladesh

Retired Col. ZRM Ashraf Uddin, EC04-2, is the Vice-Principal of Manarat International College Dhaka.

Wing Commander Md Salahuddin Chowdhury, CSRT05-2, is working with the United Nations mission in DR Congo as strategic planner for movement control of all troops in Congo.

Lt. Cmdr. A.T.M. Rezaul Hasan, CSRT06-3, is joining BANFRU - 3 at Chittagong. He is in Sudan as part of UNMIS.

Brig. Gen. Anis Bhuiyan, EC06-3, is Director Military Training at Army Headquarters.

Brunei

Nur Maszawani Abdullah Andok, EC99-3, is Assistant Defence Attaché Brunei Darussalam in Beijing.

Cambodia

Col. Ken Sosaveoun, CSRT04-2, is a United Nations Military Observer in Sudan.

Brig. Gen. Nhean Vibol, EC05-1, was appointed Director of Police Tourist Department.

Canada

Capt. Paul Hendry, EC99-3, completed his tour as Commander HMCS Algonquin and is enroute National Defense HQ Ottawa.

Capt. David Kyle, EC00-1, is Chief of Staff for MARPAC/Joint Task Force Pacific.

Capt. Les Falloon, EC01-1, is an exercise scheduler with U.S. Pacific Command in Hawaii.

Jessie Lloyd, EC01-3, is an International Relations Policy Analyst for the Office of the Premier. In January 2007, she met with Warren Cummins (also EC 01-3) and his family in San Francisco.

Col. David Barr, EC02-3, joined Joint Task Force Pacific (JTFP) as the Deputy Commander for 2010 Olympic